Will COVID-19 mark the end of an egalitarian NHS?

The exceptional circumstances brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic have affected the traditional organisation of healthcare resources allocation in the UK. Since its inception, the National Health Service (NHS) has aimed to regulate risks of ill health in the population by providing an equal and universal provision of healthcare services to residents based on their health status rather than their ability to pay. The rapid spread of this new virus has, however, triggered a shift in paradigm from an egalitarian allocation of healthcare resources to a utilitarian approach, which has led to discussions about society’s greatest taboos: death and dying and the economic value of individuals’ health

Prison-based Education and Its New Pedagogical Perspective

This article presents how unconventional teaching environments, such as the prison system, can participate in the elaboration of new pedagogical methods and, in the process, reveal the diverse responses of marginalized groups to the study of the law. Over the course of this article, I provide valuable insight about underexplored teaching techniques to academics seeking to open up their approach beyond traditional methods. Through this partially reflective piece, I relay my experience as a law instructor in a maximum security prison, and demonstrate how those who have bore the brunt of the law can still think critically about legal topics. I also support the idea that by taking in the perspectives of peripheral groups, legal educators will be led to use innovative methods to deliver legal knowledge. Essentially this article explores the intersection between legal pedagogy and the prison system to uncover a site previously neglected by conventional work on criminology and education. Pointing out how experiencing the law differently can shape individual interpretations of legal knowledge, I hope to situate learning within a larger criminological process

Equilibrium route to colloidal gellation: mixtures of hard sphere-like colloids

The binodals and the non-ergodicity lines of a binary mixture of hard sphere-like particles with large size ratio are computed for studying the interplay between dynamic arrest and phase separation in depletion-driven colloidal mixtures. Contrarily to the case of hard core plus short range effective attraction, physical gellation without competition with the fluid-phase separation can occur in such mixtures. This behavior due to the oscillations in the depletion potential should concern all simple mixtures with non-ideal depletant, justifying further studies of their dynamic properties

DPA on quasi delay insensitive asynchronous circuits: formalization and improvement

The purpose of this paper is to formally specify a flow devoted to the design of Differential Power Analysis (DPA) resistant QDI asynchronous circuits. The paper first proposes a formal modeling of the electrical signature of QDI asynchronous circuits. The DPA is then applied to the formal model in order to identify the source of leakage of this type of circuits. Finally, a complete design flow is specified to minimize the information leakage. The relevancy and efficiency of the approach is demonstrated using the design of an AES crypto-processor.Comment: Submitted on behalf of EDAA (http://www.edaa.com/

Health Law Outside its Traditional Frontiers: “Trading” Medical Tourism for Just Health Care in the Post-Brexit Context

The number of British patients travelling beyond the frontiers of their health care jurisdiction to receive medical treatment has recently increased because of scarcer resources and unreasonable waiting times in NHS health care facilities. As the United Kingdom prepares for its departure from the European Union, the fl ows of medi- cal tourists seeking health care in EU member states may become the object of important negotiations. The unbounded phenomenon of medical tourism in the atypical political and economic context of Brexit represents a unique opportunity to conceptualize solutions beyond the traditional frontiers of health care law. Thus, this paper proposes to take an unprecedented approach using a sociological framework based on Niklas Luhmann’s work on autopoietic systems to examine the current European legal frame- work on cross-border health care services and to formulate a concrete policy proposal to achieve greater social justice in health care using marketplace and trade dynamics. A bilateral treaty on cross-border health care services taking the form of a public procurement could uphold universality of care and equality in treatment in the United Kingdom and participating European member states. Established contracts would offer a sustainable solution to issues of continuity of care, medical malpractice and may lead to signifi cant cost reduction in health care

Will COVID-19 Mark the End of an Egalitarian National Health Service?

The exceptional circumstances brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic have affected the traditional organisation of healthcare resources allocation in the United Kingdom. Since its inception the NHS has aimed to regulate risks of ill health in the population by providing an equal and universal provision of health care services to residents based on their health status rather than their ability to pay. This paper argues that the current government’s emergency healthcare policy in response to this pandemic has however favoured a utilitarian approach to healthcare rationing and potentially initiated the end of an egalitarian NHS. The paper first unpacks why the allocation of healthcare resources is fundamentally a question of justice in Britain and explains why healthcare law and policy require a philosophical approach in times of crisis. Secondly, the paper provides a critical analysis of the current situation for the allocation of healthcare resources and the provision of services to patients directly or indirectly affected by the virus. It concludes that values of equality in access to care at the heart of the NHS are in jeopardy and are being replaced by a utilitarian approach based on a priority ranking of patients in this time of crisis

The educational program in the national parks with particular reference to those in the western states

A series of radio broad casts over Station KGO, San Francisco, California, in the spring of 1935, first brought to my attention the great value of the National Parks in the field of adult education. Subsequently, in visiting some of the world\u27s greatest natural wonders, which are located in the National Parks in the western part of the United States, I have had the opportunity to observe some of the fine educational facilities made available to the visitor through the service of the park naturalists. The purpose of this thesis is to bring out the importance to the visitor of this educational service. It is my aim to present a clear picture of this educational work and to interpret the material gathered in the survey, and to comment on outstanding problems in this relatively new field of education. During the past five years, I have had the privilege of spending from one day to two weeks in each of the following National Parks: Bryce Canyon, Crater Lake, Glacier, Grand Canyon, Lassen Volcanic, Mesa Verde, Mount Rainier, Rocky Mountain, Sequoia, Yellowstone, Yosemite, Zion, and Kings Canyon . In 1935 I visited the Olympic Peninsula, and have been in the region which is now the Olympic National Park. A great deal of the material has been gathered by interviews with the naturalists in the various parks and from observations made by the writer. Therefore much of this information is not recorded in books or bulletin form. My interest in National Parks is of long standing, and it was rekindled in 1934 when the Post Office Department issued a series of postage stamps known as the National Park Series. In my opinion this was one of the most beautiful sets of stamps ever issued by our Government, and it has served to attract the attention of millions of our citizens t o the great natural resources controlled by our nation in the interest of all people. This novel way of calling attention to the most beautiful spots in America, the National Parks, the public\u27s playgrounds, has undoubtedly resulted in heightened interest in these regions and exerted a real influence in directing the travel habits of the American people

COVID-19 highlighting inequalities in access to healthcare in England: a case study of ethnic minority and migrant women

Our commentary aims to show that the COVID-19 pandemic has amplified existing barriers to healthcare in England for ethnic minority and migrant women. We expose how the pandemic has affected the allocation of healthcare resources leading to the prioritisation of COVID-19 patients and suspending the equal access to healthcare services approach. We argue that we must look beyond this disruption in provision by examining existing barriers to access that have been amplified by the pandemic in order to understand the poorer health outcomes for women in ethnic minority and migrant communities. The reflection focuses on racialised medical perceptions, gendered cultural norms including information barriers and stigma, and specific legal barriers

James Sdrales and Virginia Zambukos v. Sam Rondos : Brief of Respondents

This paper deals with shape optimization for anisotropic elastoplasticity in logarithmic strain space. We aim to find an appropriate undeformed configuration of a workpiece knowing in advance its deformed configuration, the boundary conditions and the applied loads. The node coordinates of the finite element (FE) domain are chosen as design variables. A discrete sensitivity analysis is presented and analytical gradients are performed. A numerical example illustrates the theoretical aspects